Multiple Choice Questions and Answers on Pediatric Nursing

Multiple-choice questions along with their corresponding answers on pediatric nursing, designed for college students:

1. Which milestone typically occurs first in pediatric development?
a) Walking
b) Crawling
c) Rolling over
d) Speaking
Answer: c) Rolling over

2.What is the normal respiratory rate for a newborn?
a) 12-20 breaths per minute
b) 20-30 breaths per minute
c) 30-40 breaths per minute
d) 40-50 breaths per minute
Answer: b) 20-30 breaths per minute

3. Which vaccination is commonly given to infants to prevent tuberculosis?
a) Measles vaccine
b) BCG vaccine
c) Polio vaccine
d) Mumps vaccine
Answer: b) BCG vaccine

4. What is the primary nursing intervention for a child with fever?
a) Administering antibiotics immediately
b) Administering antipyretics to reduce fever
c) Placing the child in a cold bath
d) Monitoring and providing supportive care
Answer: d) Monitoring and providing supportive care

5. Which developmental stage is characteristic of a preschool-aged child?
a) Trust vs. Mistrust
b) Initiative vs. Guilt
c) Identity vs. Role Confusion
d) Industry vs. Inferiority
Answer: b) Initiative vs. Guilt

6. The nurse is preparing to administer oral medication to a toddler. What action should the nurse take to ensure proper administration?
a) Crush the medication and mix it with food.
b) Ask the child to swallow the medication whole.
c) Administer the medication using a syringe into the child’s mouth.
d) Encourage the child to take the medication in a cup with a straw.
Answer: a) Crush the medication and mix it with food.

7. A child with sickle cell anemia is at risk of developing which complication?
a) Iron deficiency anemia
b) Aplastic anemia
c) Sickle cell crisis
d) Thalassemia
Answer: c) Sickle cell crisis

8. The nurse is assessing a child with suspected dehydration. Which finding indicates severe dehydration?
a) Sunken fontanelle
b) Pink, moist mucous membranes
c) Capillary refill less than 2 seconds
d) Urine output of 1 ml/kg/hour
Answer: a) Sunken fontanelle

9. Which toy is most appropriate for a toddler to encourage fine motor skills?
a) Large building blocks
b) Stuffed animals
c) Finger paints
d) Puzzles with large pieces
Answer: d) Puzzles with large pieces

10. The nurse is preparing to administer immunizations to a 6-month-old infant. Which vaccine is contraindicated for this age?
a) Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine
b) Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine
c) Diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine
d) Inactivated poliovirus (IPV) vaccine
Answer: a) Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine

11. What is the leading cause of accidental injury in children under the age of 1 year?
a) Falls
b) Poisoning
c) Burns
d) Choking
Answer: b) Poisoning

12. Which action should the nurse take first when caring for a child experiencing a seizure?
a) Restrain the child to prevent injury.
b) Place the child in a supine position.
c) Insert a padded tongue blade to prevent tongue biting.
d) Clear the area to prevent injury.
Answer: d) Clear the area to prevent injury.

13. A toddler is admitted with suspected intussusception. What is the nurse’s priority action?
a) Administer pain medication.
b) Prepare the child for surgery.
c) Monitor vital signs frequently.
d) Offer clear liquids to drink.
Answer: c) Monitor vital signs frequently.

14. When caring for an infant with a cleft lip, which position should the nurse use during feeding to promote optimal sucking?
a) Supine
b) Side-lying
c) Prone
d) Upright
Answer: d) Upright

15. What is the recommended position for a lumbar puncture in a young child?
a) Prone
b) Supine
c) Sitting upright
d) Lateral recumbent
Answer: c) Sitting upright

16. A school-age child with diabetes is experiencing hypoglycemia. What should the nurse administer to treat this condition?
a) Regular insulin
b) NPH insulin
c) Glucagon
d) Metformin
Answer: c) Glucagon

17. Which symptom is common in a child diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
a) Excessive sleepiness
b) Difficulty concentrating on tasks
c) Excessive appetite and weight gain
d) Excessive thirst and frequent urination
Answer: b) Difficulty concentrating on tasks

18. The nurse is assessing a child with suspected meningitis. Which sign or symptom is most indicative of this condition?
a) Photophobia
b) Bradypnea
c) Hyperactivity
d) Increased appetite
Answer: a) Photophobia

19. The nurse is preparing a toddler for a scheduled surgery. Which strategy should the nurse use to minimize the child’s anxiety?
a) Explain the procedure using medical terminology.
b) Offer the child a choice of anesthetic agents.
c) Allow the child to bring a favorite toy to the operating room.
d) Restrict the parents from being present during induction.
Answer: c) Allow the child to bring a favorite toy to the operating room.

20. Which of the following is a common symptom of asthma in children?
a) Bradycardia
b) Wheezing
c) Hypertension
d) Hypoglycemia
Answer: b) Wheezing

21. The nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant. What developmental milestone should the nurse expect to find?
a) Walking independently
b) Speaking in short sentences
c) Rolling over from front to back
d) Riding a tricycle
Answer: c) Rolling over from front to back

22. Which vaccination is recommended for all infants shortly after birth to provide protection against hepatitis B?
a) Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine
b) Tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (Tdap) vaccine
c) Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine
d) Hepatitis B vaccine
Answer: d) Hepatitis B vaccine

23. What is the correct technique for administering medication to a young child using an oral syringe?
a) Place the syringe between the child’s cheek and gums.
b) Administer the medication directly onto the child’s tongue.
c) Mix the medication with a large amount of juice.
d) Administer the medication using a needleless syringe into the child’s mouth.
Answer: a) Place the syringe between the child’s cheek and gums.

24. A child with asthma is experiencing difficulty breathing. Which medication should the nurse administer for immediate relief?
a) Ibuprofen
b) Albuterol
c) Acetaminophen
d) Prednisone
Answer: b) Albuterol

25. The nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of an infant with a cleft lip. Which feeding technique should the nurse recommend to prevent aspiration?
a) Use a regular nipple on the bottle.
b) Elevate the head of the crib during feedings.
c) Use a soft, wide-based nipple for feeding.
d) Feed the infant while lying flat on the back.
Answer: c) Use a soft, wide-based nipple for feeding.

26. A child with type 1 diabetes is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis. What is the priority intervention for this child?
a) Administer regular insulin subcutaneously.
b) Provide a high-carbohydrate meal.
c) Offer plenty of fluids with sugar.
d) Administer intravenous fluids with insulin.
Answer: d) Administer intravenous fluids with insulin.

27. During a well-child visit, the nurse is assessing a 3-year-old’s language development. Which behavior indicates appropriate language skills for this age?
a) The child can recite the alphabet.
b) The child uses pronouns correctly.
c) The child engages in parallel play with other children.
d) The child has a vocabulary of 50 words.
Answer: b) The child uses pronouns correctly.

28. A child is admitted with acute gastroenteritis and dehydration. Which clinical finding is an early sign of dehydration in children?
a) Decreased urine output
b) Sunken fontanelle
c) Weight gain
d) Bradycardia
Answer: a) Decreased urine output

29 What is the primary nursing intervention for a child with croup?
a) Administer antibiotics
b) Provide supplemental oxygen
c) Administer corticosteroids
d) Ensure adequate hydration
Answer: c) Administer corticosteroids

30. The nurse is caring for an infant with a congenital heart defect. Which position should the nurse use to promote optimal cardiac output in the infant?
a) Prone
b) Side-lying
c) Supine
d) Semi-Fowler’s
Answer: d) Semi-Fowler’s

31. A school-age child is diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which medication is commonly prescribed to manage the symptoms of ADHD?
a) Sertraline
b) Risperidone
c) Methylphenidate
d) Fluoxetine
Answer: c) Methylphenidate

32. The nurse is caring for a toddler with suspected intussusception. Which clinical manifestation is characteristic of this condition?
a) Sudden onset of fever
b) Abdominal pain and “currant jelly” stools
c) Dry, cracked lips
d) Difficulty swallowing
Answer: b) Abdominal pain and “currant jelly” stools

33. The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to the parents of a 4-month-old infant. What safety measure should the nurse emphasize to prevent injury?
a) Avoid the use of baby gates on stairs.
b) Place the infant in a rear-facing car seat in the front seat of the car.
c) Avoid using crib rails to prevent the infant from climbing out of the crib.
d) Keep small objects, such as coins and buttons, out of the infant’s reach.
Answer: d) Keep small objects, such as coins and buttons, out of the infant’s reach.

34. A toddler is admitted with acute asthma exacerbation. Which nursing intervention is a priority during the acute phase of an asthma attack?
a) Administering oral corticosteroids
b) Monitoring oxygen saturation levels
c) Initiating chest physiotherapy
d) Encouraging vigorous play to promote lung expansion
Answer: b) Monitoring oxygen saturation levels

35. The nurse is conducting a hearing screening for a 1-year-old infant. Which response indicates a normal auditory response for this age?
a) The infant smiles when spoken to.
b) The infant turns the head toward the source of sound.
c) The infant shakes a rattle in response to a loud noise.
d) The infant plays peek-a-boo with the nurse.
Answer: b) The infant turns the head toward the source of sound.

36. The nurse is caring for a child with sickle cell anemia. Which complication should the nurse be vigilant for in this child?
a) Thrombocytopenia
b) Hypertension
c) Hyperglycemia
d) Vaso-occlusive crisis
Answer: d) Vaso-occlusive crisis

37. A preschooler is undergoing diagnostic testing for suspected meningitis. Which test is most valuable in confirming the diagnosis?
a) Lumbar puncture
b) Electroencephalogram (EEG)
c) Computed tomography (CT) scan
d) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Answer: a) Lumbar puncture

38. Which of the following developmental milestones is typically achieved first in infants?
a) Walking independently
b) Sitting up without support
c) Speaking two-word phrases
d) Using a spoon to feed themselves
Answer: b) Sitting up without support

39. Which immunization is routinely recommended for newborns to prevent hepatitis B?
a) MMR vaccine
b) Varicella vaccine
c) Hepatitis B vaccine
d) DTaP vaccine
Answer: c) Hepatitis B vaccine

40. The nurse is assessing a 4-year-old child with suspected acute otitis media. Which symptom is commonly associated with this condition?
a) Cough
b) Rash
c) Abdominal pain
d) Ear pain
Answer: d) Ear pain

41. When performing a physical examination on a toddler, which technique should the nurse use to minimize fear and anxiety?
a) Allow the child to play with the examination equipment
b) Perform the examination quickly without explaining each step
c) Have the parent leave the room during the examination
d) Use medical terminology to explain the process
Answer: a) Allow the child to play with the examination equipment

42. A child is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which hormone is deficient in this condition?
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Thyroxine
d) Cortisol
Answer: a) Insulin

43. Which respiratory condition is characterized by a barking cough, stridor, and respiratory distress in children?
a) Pneumonia
b) Bronchitis
c) Croup
d) Asthma
Answer: c) Croup

44. The nurse is caring for an infant with bronchiolitis. Which precaution should be implemented to prevent the spread of the virus?
a) Contact precautions
b) Droplet precautions
c) Airborne precautions
d) Standard precautions
Answer: b) Droplet precautions

45. A school-age child is diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which medication is commonly prescribed to manage symptoms of ADHD?
a) Ibuprofen
b) Ritalin
c) Acetaminophen
d) Antihistamines
Answer: b) Ritalin

46. The nurse is teaching parents about proper car seat use for their child. At what age can a child typically transition from a rear-facing car seat to a forward-facing car seat?
a) 6 months
b) 1 year
c) 2 years
d) 4 years
Answer: b) 1 year

47. A child is diagnosed with a febrile seizure. What should the nurse do during a febrile seizure?
a) Restrain the child to prevent injury.
b) Place the child in a supine position.
c) Administer antipyretics immediately.
d) Ensure a safe environment and monitor the child.
Answer: d) Ensure a safe environment and monitor the child.

48. Which condition is characterized by a “strawberry tongue” appearance in children?
a) Strep throat
b) Hand, foot, and mouth disease
c) Scarlet fever
d) Mononucleosis
Answer: c) Scarlet fever

49. The nurse is preparing to administer immunizations to a 12-month-old child. Which vaccine is commonly given at this age to protect against measles, mumps, and rubella?
a) Hepatitis B vaccine
b) MMR vaccine
c) DTaP vaccine
d) Influenza vaccine
Answer: b) MMR vaccine

50. A preschool-age child is admitted to the hospital with dehydration. What is the most appropriate method of rehydration for this child?
a) IV fluids
b) Oral rehydration solution (ORS)
c) Intramuscular injections
d) Nasogastric tube feeding
Answer: b) Oral rehydration solution (ORS)

51. Which symptom is commonly associated with acute asthma exacerbations in children?
a) Bradycardia
b) Hyperglycemia
c) Wheezing
d) Decreased respiratory rate
Answer: c) Wheezing

52. The nurse is caring for a child with sickle cell anemia. Which nursing intervention is essential to prevent sickle cell crises?
a) Administering iron supplements
b) Encouraging physical activity
c) Promoting adequate hydration
d) Restricting fluid intake
Answer: c) Promoting adequate hydration

53. Which of the following is a common complication in premature infants?
a) Hypertension
b) Hypoglycemia
c) Hyperthermia
d) Hyperactivity
Answer: b) Hypoglycemia

54. The nurse is assessing a newborn and observes a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes. What term should the nurse use to document this finding?
a) Jaundice
b) Erythema
c) Cyanosis
d) Pallor
Answer: c) Cyanosis

55. Which of the following is a typical finding in a child with gastroenteritis?
a) Elevated blood pressure
b) Hyperglycemia
c) Constipation
d) Diarrhea
Answer: d) Diarrhea

56. The nurse is caring for a toddler with suspected acute otitis media. Which finding may indicate a ruptured eardrum?
a) Clear fluid draining from the ear
b) Decreased hearing
c) Severe ear pain
d) Redness and swelling behind the ear
Answer: a) Clear fluid draining from the ear

57. Which of the following is a common congenital heart defect in newborns?
a) Coarctation of the aorta
b) Atrial septal defect (ASD)
c) Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
d) Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Answer: c) Ventricular septal defect (VSD)

58. Which of the following is a priority nursing action when administering medication to a pediatric patient?
a) Crushing tablets for ease of swallowing
b) Using the parent’s estimation for dosage calculation
c) Checking the five rights (right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, right time)
d) Giving the medication at any convenient time during the shift
Answer: c) Checking the five rights (right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, right time)

59. The nurse is assessing a newborn’s fontanelles. What should the presence of a sunken fontanelle indicate?
a) Dehydration
b) Hydrocephalus
c) Meningitis
d) Increased intracranial pressure
Answer: a) Dehydration

60. During the assessment of a pediatric patient with asthma, which finding should the nurse expect in the lung examination?
a) Diminished breath sounds
b) Rhonchi and crackles
c) High-pitched wheezes on expiration
d) Fine crepitations on inspiration
Answer: c) High-pitched wheezes on expiration

61. A child is admitted with suspected epiglottitis. What is the most appropriate position for this child?
a) Supine with head elevated
b) Side-lying with head turned to the side
c) Prone to facilitate breathing
d) Upright and leaning forward
Answer: d) Upright and leaning forward

62. Which of the following is a common sign of respiratory distress in infants?
a) Bradycardia
b) Nasal flaring
c) Tachycardia
d) Decreased respiratory rate
Answer: b) Nasal flaring

63. The nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a child with type 1 diabetes. Which statement by the parents indicates understanding of the teaching?
a) “We’ll administer insulin immediately after meals.”
b) “We’ll monitor blood glucose levels once a day.”
c) “We’ll adjust insulin dosage based on our child’s activity level.”
d) “We’ll eliminate all carbohydrates from our child’s diet.”
Answer: c) “We’ll adjust insulin dosage based on our child’s activity level.”

64. What is the primary cause of iron deficiency anemia in young children?
a) Inadequate intake of iron-rich foods
b) Impaired iron absorption due to gastrointestinal disorders
c) Excessive iron excretion in the urine
d) Overconsumption of calcium-rich foods
Answer: a) Inadequate intake of iron-rich foods

65. A child is suspected to have intussusception. What is the classic triad of symptoms associated with this condition?
a) Abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting
b) Abdominal pain, sausage-shaped mass, and rectal bleeding
c) Abdominal pain, constipation, and jaundice
d) Abdominal pain, fever, and lethargy
Answer: b) Abdominal pain, sausage-shaped mass, and rectal bleeding

66. Which of the following is a typical finding in a child with celiac disease?
a) Weight gain and increased appetite
b) Decreased bowel movements and constipation
c) Steatorrhea (fatty, foul-smelling stools) and abdominal bloating
d) Hypoglycemia and irritability
Answer: c) Steatorrhea (fatty, foul-smelling stools) and abdominal bloating

67. A 2-year-old child is brought to the emergency department with a suspected ingestion of an unknown substance. What is the first action the nurse should take?
a) Administer activated charcoal to the child.
b) Induce vomiting to remove the substance.
c) Perform a complete physical examination.
d) Contact the poison control center immediately.
Answer: d) Contact the poison control center immediately.

68. The nurse is caring for an infant with a congenital heart defect. What is a common nursing intervention to promote oxygenation?
a) Encourage vigorous play to increase cardiac output.
b) Position the infant in a supine position at all times.
c) Provide small, frequent feedings to conserve energy.
d) Administer oxygen as prescribed.
Answer: d) Administer oxygen as prescribed.

69. A school-age child is diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). What nursing intervention is essential in the care of this child?
a) Encourage the child to participate in team sports for discipline.
b) Administer stimulant medications at bedtime to improve sleep.
c) Provide a structured environment and consistent routines.
d) Limit communication with parents regarding the child’s progress.
Answer: c) Provide a structured environment and consistent routines.

70. During the physical examination of an infant, the nurse notices unequal leg lengths and uneven skinfolds in the buttocks area. These findings are suggestive of which condition?
a) Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)
b) Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)
c) Muscular dystrophy
d) Osteogenesis imperfecta
Answer: a) Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)

71. The nurse is caring for a child with a tracheostomy tube. What is the primary purpose of the tracheostomy tube cuff?
a) To anchor the tracheostomy tube in place securely
b) To facilitate the insertion of the tracheostomy tube
c) To prevent aspiration of oral secretions into the trachea
d) To maintain the patency of the tracheostomy tube
Answer: c) To prevent aspiration of oral secretions into the trachea

72. Which of the following is a potential complication of sickle cell crisis?
a) Thrombocytopenia
b) Hypertension
c) Splenic sequestration
d) Metabolic alkalosis
Answer: c) Splenic sequestration

73. A child is diagnosed with acute otitis media. What is the appropriate nursing intervention to alleviate pain in this condition?
a) Apply warm compresses to the affected ear.
b) Instill cold drops into the affected ear.
c) Administer antihistamines as prescribed.
d) Administer acetaminophen or ibuprofen for pain relief.
Answer: d) Administer acetaminophen or ibuprofen for pain relief.

74. Which of the following is a key principle of pediatric nursing?
a) Focusing solely on physical health
b) Ignoring family dynamics during care
c) Considering growth and development stages
d) Treating children as miniature adults
Answer: c) Considering growth and development stages

75. What is the appropriate technique for assessing an infant’s fontanelles?
a) Pressing firmly to feel for pulsations
b) Palpating with the fingertips for softness
c) Using a stethoscope to listen for sounds
d) Observing for bulging or depression
Answer: d) Observing for bulging or depression

76. A toddler is experiencing respiratory distress. Which position should the nurse place the child to facilitate breathing?
a) Supine
b) Prone
c) Side-lying
d) Upright with head elevated
Answer: d) Upright with head elevated

77. What is the primary goal of pediatric pain management?
a) Eliminating all pain completely
b) Reducing pain to a tolerable level
c) Avoiding all pain medications in children
d) Educating children about pain tolerance
Answer: b) Reducing pain to a tolerable level

78. The nurse is administering medication to a child through an intramuscular route. Which site is commonly used for children under the age of 3?
a) Deltoid muscle
b) Vastus lateralis muscle
c) Dorsogluteal muscle
d) Subcutaneous tissue
Answer: b) Vastus lateralis muscle

79. Which of the following is a common safety concern in pediatric care?
a) Encouraging independence in older children
b) Promoting family involvement in care decisions
c) Using age-appropriate play therapy for distraction
d) Administering medications on an empty stomach
Answer: d) Administering medications on an empty stomach

80. A child is diagnosed with otitis media. What is the most common symptom of this condition?
a) Earache
b) Headache
c) Sore throat
d) Abdominal pain
Answer: a) Earache

81. The nurse is educating parents on promoting dental health in their child. When should the child’s first dental visit ideally occur?
a) At 1 year of age or when the first tooth erupts
b) At 2 years of age or when all primary teeth are present
c) At 3 years of age or when the child can brush independently
d) At 4 years of age or when the child starts school
Answer: a) At 1 year of age or when the first tooth erupts

82. What is the priority intervention for a child with severe allergic reactions?
a) Offering a glass of water
b) Administering antihistamines
c) Removing the allergen source
d) Placing the child in a quiet room
Answer: c) Removing the allergen source

83. Which immunization is recommended to prevent chickenpox in children?
a) Mumps vaccine
b) Influenza vaccine
c) Hepatitis B vaccine
d) Varicella vaccine
Answer: d) Varicella vaccine

84. A child is admitted with a diagnosis of croup. Which symptom is characteristic of croup?
a) Barking cough
b) Wheezing
c) Chest pain
d) Productive cough
Answer: a) Barking cough

85. Which approach is most effective when communicating with a school-age child?
a) Using simple, concrete language
b) Speaking in a loud and authoritative tone
c) Talking to the child like an adult
d) Asking open-ended questions
Answer: a) Using simple, concrete language

86. A child is scheduled for a lumbar puncture. What is the most appropriate nursing action?
a) Restraining the child during the procedure
b) Administering sedatives to calm the child
c) Explaining the procedure using age-appropriate language
d) Allowing the child to choose the needle size
Answer: c) Explaining the procedure using age-appropriate language

87. What is the primary purpose of a pediatric growth chart?
a) Monitoring physical development only
b) Assessing cognitive milestones
c) Determining social skills progress
d) Tracking physical and developmental growth
Answer: d) Tracking physical and developmental growth

88. A toddler is admitted with acute gastroenteritis. What is the priority nursing intervention?
a) Restricting oral fluid intake to reduce vomiting
b) Administering intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration
c) Offering high-fiber foods to promote bowel movements
d) Encouraging regular activity to reduce abdominal pain
Answer: b) Administering intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration

89. A child is diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes. Which symptom is indicative of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
a) Increased urination
b) Hypoglycemia
c) Deep and rapid breathing
d) Increased appetite
Answer: c) Deep and rapid breathing

90. The nurse is preparing a preschooler for a cast application. How can the nurse best reduce the child’s anxiety?
a) Explaining the procedure using medical terminology
b) Allowing the child to choose the color of the cast
c) Demonstrating the procedure on another child
d) Restraining the child during the procedure
Answer: b) Allowing the child to choose the color of the cast

91. A child is prescribed an oral antibiotic. When should the nurse educate the parents about potential side effects?
a) Before the medication is administered
b) After the child has finished the entire course of antibiotics
c) At the time of medication refill
d) When the child starts showing improvement
Answer: a) Before the medication is administered

92. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention to prevent sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
a) Placing the infant in a prone sleeping position
b) Keeping soft bedding and toys in the crib
c) Encouraging the use of pacifiers while sleeping
d) Placing the infant on a firm mattress in a supine position
Answer: d) Placing the infant on a firm mattress in a supine position

93. Which approach is most effective when communicating with a school-age child?
a) Using simple, concrete language
b) Speaking in a loud and authoritative tone
c) Talking to the child like an adult
d) Asking open-ended questions
Answer: a) Using simple, concrete language

94. A child is scheduled for a lumbar puncture. What is the most appropriate nursing action?
a) Restraining the child during the procedure
b) Administering sedatives to calm the child
c) Explaining the procedure using age-appropriate language
d) Allowing the child to choose the needle size
Answer: c) Explaining the procedure using age-appropriate language

95. What is the primary purpose of a pediatric growth chart?
a) Monitoring physical development only
b) Assessing cognitive milestones
c) Determining social skills progress
d) Tracking physical and developmental growth
Answer: d) Tracking physical and developmental growth

96. A toddler is admitted with acute gastroenteritis. What is the priority nursing intervention?
a) Restricting oral fluid intake to reduce vomiting
b) Administering intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration
c) Offering high-fiber foods to promote bowel movements
d) Encouraging regular activity to reduce abdominal pain
Answer: b) Administering intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration

97. A child is diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes. Which symptom is indicative of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
a) Increased urination
b) Hypoglycemia
c) Deep and rapid breathing
d) Increased appetite
Answer: c) Deep and rapid breathing

98. The nurse is preparing a preschooler for a cast application. How can the nurse best reduce the child’s anxiety?
a) Explaining the procedure using medical terminology
b) Allowing the child to choose the color of the cast
c) Demonstrating the procedure on another child
d) Restraining the child during the procedure
Answer: b) Allowing the child to choose the color of the cast

99. A child is prescribed an oral antibiotic. When should the nurse educate the parents about potential side effects?
a) Before the medication is administered
b) After the child has finished the entire course of antibiotics
c) At the time of medication refill
d) When the child starts showing improvement
Answer: a) Before the medication is administered

100. A child is admitted with a diagnosis of croup. Which symptom is characteristic of croup?
a) Barking cough
b) Wheezing
c) Chest pain
d) Productive cough
Answer: a) Barking cough

101. Which immunization is recommended to prevent chickenpox in children?
a) Mumps vaccine
b) Influenza vaccine
c) Hepatitis B vaccine
d) Varicella vaccine
Answer: d) Varicella vaccine